Aluminum is a metallic element—one of the principal constituents of the earth's crust. Only oxygen and silicon are more abundant. Aluminum does not occur naturally in its pure form, but only in a wide variety of compounds.

Under ordinary competitive conditions, any long and serious maladjustment between supply and demand cannot last.

Both the law and business have long recognized the propriety of quantity discounts. But since 1914 the Clayton Act has banned price discrimination "when the effect may be to substantially lessen competition or tend to create a monopoly." And since 1936 the Robinson-Patman Act has recognized such quantity discounts as legal only if they represent a saving in cost, and the law places the burden of proof on the seller.

two well-recognized economic principles. First, the firmer the monopolistic controls in a given market, the higher the prices. Second, monopoly prices are discriminatory prices. "Charging all the traffic will bear" does not mean that all the traffic will bear the same charge! In fact, it will not.

If American chemical industries are oligopolistic, British, German, French, Italian, indeed European, chemical industries are monopolistic.

What constitutes wise policy . . . will depend on whether the immediate objective of policy is the promotion of political ends, the protection of vested interests, or the satisfaction of consumer needs.

Today chemists can artificially make hundreds of thousands of organic compounds, most of which are not duplicated in nature.

The record is plain: the cartel system retarded the development of a domestic synthetic rubber industry, and, in so doing, jeopardized national security.

International trade in chemical products is not free. . . . Joint control of the market became the general rule; free competition, the exception.

In a dynamic democratic society it is indeed difficult to keep in harness the forces of competition.